Tubo de acero EFW
EFW (Soldado por fusión eléctrica) steel pipes are a type of pipe manufactured using electric fusion welding, a process that involves the fusion of materials using an electric arc. This welding method is typically used for producing large-diameter pipes and is known for its robust welds and high-quality finish. Below is a detailed overview of EFW steel pipes:
Proceso de fabricación
The EFW process involves the following steps:
- Preparation of Plate or Coil: The steel plate or coil is first prepared, ensuring it meets the required specifications for thickness, width, and chemical composition.
- formando: The prepared plate or coil is formed into a cylindrical shape, typically using a roll forming or UO (U-ing y O-ing) proceso.
- Electric Fusion Welding: The edges of the formed cylinder are brought together, and an electric arc is used to melt and fuse the edges, creating a strong weld. This process can be done using either a single-pass or multi-pass welding technique, depending on the pipe’s thickness.
- Inspección y pruebas: Post-welding, the pipe undergoes rigorous inspection and testing, including non-destructive testing (END) methods such as ultrasonic testing (Utah) and radiographic testing (RT) to ensure the integrity of the weld and the overall quality of the pipe.
- Refinamiento: The pipe is then finished by removing any excess weld material, calibrating the dimensions, and applying coatings or other protective measures as needed.
Características clave
- Método de soldadura: Utilizes electric arc fusion to create strong and reliable welds.
- Diámetro: Suitable for large-diameter pipes, normalmente van desde 16 pulgadas (406 milímetros) a 100 pulgadas (2540 milímetros) o más.
- Espesor: Capable of welding thicker walls than some other welding methods, making it ideal for high-pressure applications.
- Calidad: Produces high-quality welds with excellent mechanical properties and structural integrity.
Sizes for EFW (Soldado por fusión eléctrica) Pipa:
- Available in sizes from 1/8” through to 64” Nominal Bore.
Material Grades for EFW Electric Fusion Welded Pipe:
- Acero carbono: A106 Gr.B, A106 Gr.C, API 5L B
- Acero inoxidable: A312 304/L, 310, 316/l, 321/H, 347/H, 410, 440, 904l
- Low Temperature: ASTM A333 Gr.6/3
- Acero aleado: A335 P1, P5, P9, P11, P12, P22, P91
- High Yield: API 5L X42, X52, X60, X65, X70
- 6% Moly / Dúplex & Super Duplex: UNS S31254, UNS S31803, S32205, UNS S32760, S32750, S32507
- Nickel Alloys: 200, 400, K500, 600, 625, 800, 825
- Alloys: ALLOY 20, ALLOY C, ALLOY C276, ALLOY B2
- Aluminium: 5083, 5154, 5251, 6061, 6063, 6082
- Unusual Grades: Bronze, Brass, Cobre, Cupro Nickel, Titanio
Aplicaciones
EFW steel pipes are commonly used in industries and applications where large-diameter and high-strength pipes are required:
- Industria del petróleo y el gas: Used for transporting crude oil, gas natural, and refined products.
- Industria petroquímica: Suitable for pipelines carrying chemicals and petrochemical products.
- Sistemas de suministro de agua: Utilized in large-scale water distribution and transmission systems.
- Aplicaciones estructurales: Employed in the construction of infrastructure such as bridges, edificios, and offshore platforms.
- Generación de energía: Used in power plants for steam and coolant piping systems.
Ventajas
- Alta resistencia: The electric fusion welding process produces robust welds, making EFW pipes suitable for high-pressure and high-stress applications.
- Large Diameter Capability: Ideal for applications requiring large-diameter pipes, which are often challenging to produce using other methods.
- Consistency and Reliability: EFW pipes offer consistent quality and reliability, ensuring long-term performance in demanding environments.
- Versatilidad: Can be manufactured to meet a wide range of standards and specifications, making them versatile for various industrial applications.
Comparison with Other Welded Pipes
Característica/Aspecto | EFW Pipes | Tuberías REG | Tuberías HFW |
---|---|---|---|
Método de soldadura | Electric arc fusion | Corriente de baja o alta frecuencia | Corriente de alta frecuencia |
Rango de diámetro | Large (16 inches to over 100 pulgadas) | Small to medium | Medio |
Espesor de la pared | Suitable for thicker walls | Typically thinner | Medium to thick |
Fortaleza | Alto | Adecuado para la mayoría de aplicaciones | Higher than ERW, suitable for high-stress |
Application Examples | Aceite & gas, petroquímico, suministro de agua | Agua, transporte de gas, estructural, automotor | Aceite & gas, alta presión, estructural |
Costo | Generally higher due to the complex process | Más rentable | Ligeramente más alto debido a la calidad superior |
EFW Steel Pipe VS ERW steel pipe
Both EFW (Soldado por fusión eléctrica) and ERW (Soldado por resistencia eléctrica) steel pipes are commonly used in various industries for transporting fluids and gases. Sin embargo, they are manufactured using different processes and have distinct characteristics. Here’s a detailed comparison:
EFW (Soldado por fusión eléctrica) Tubería de acero
Proceso de fabricación
- Fusion Welding: EFW pipes are produced by heating the edges of the steel and fusing them together using an electric arc or high-frequency induction welding.
- Material: Typically made from high-quality steel plates or coils.
- Calefacción: The steel edges are heated to their melting point, and pressure is applied to join them, creating a weld.
Características
- Resistencia y durabilidad: EFW pipes are known for their high strength and durability, haciéndolos adecuados para aplicaciones de alta presión.
- Espesor: They can be produced with thicker walls, which is beneficial for specific industrial uses.
- Calidad: The welding process ensures a high-quality seam, reducing the likelihood of defects.
Aplicaciones
- Industria del petróleo y el gas: Used for transporting oil and gas due to their high strength and ability to withstand high pressures.
- Aplicaciones estructurales: Used in construction and infrastructure projects requiring robust and durable materials.
- High-Temperature Environments: Adecuado para aplicaciones que involucran altas temperaturas..
REG (Soldado por resistencia eléctrica) Tubería de acero
Proceso de fabricación
- Resistance Welding: ERW pipes are made by rolling metal and welding it longitudinally across its length using electric resistance.
- Material: Typically made from steel coils.
- Calefacción: The edges of the steel strip are heated using electric resistance before being pressed together to form a weld.
Características
- Rentable: The manufacturing process is relatively simpler and more cost-effective compared to EFW pipes.
- Consistencia: The process allows for the production of pipes with consistent dimensions and wall thickness.
- Acabado superficial: ERW pipes generally have a better surface finish due to the precise control in the manufacturing process.
Aplicaciones
- Water Supply Lines: Commonly used in water supply lines due to their good quality and cost-effectiveness.
- Industria automotriz: Used in the manufacturing of automobile components.
- Low to Medium Pressure Applications: Suitable for applications with lower pressure and temperature requirements compared to EFW pipes.
Key Differences
Característica | EFW (Soldado por fusión eléctrica) | REG (Soldado por resistencia eléctrica) |
---|---|---|
Proceso de fabricación | Fusion welding using electric arc or induction | Resistance welding using electric resistance |
Fuente de materiales | Placas o bobinas de acero. | Bobinas de acero |
Fortaleza | Mayor resistencia, adecuado para aplicaciones de alta presión | Fuerza moderada, adecuado para presión baja a media |
Costo | Generally more expensive due to complex process | Más rentable |
Aplicaciones | Aceite & gasoductos, aplicaciones estructurales, ambientes de alta temperatura | Líneas de suministro de agua, componentes automotrices, aplicaciones de presión baja a media |
Espesor de la pared | Se puede producir con paredes más gruesas. | Typically have consistent, thinner walls |
Acabado superficial | Puede tener un acabado más áspero debido al proceso de soldadura. | Generally smoother finish |
Conclusión
Both EFW and ERW steel pipes have their unique advantages and are chosen based on specific application requirements. EFW pipes are preferred for high-pressure and high-temperature applications due to their strength and durability, while ERW pipes are favored for their cost-effectiveness and suitability for low to medium pressure applications with consistent dimensions.